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Evelyne and Renata were the genuine names of two sisters who came on the St. Louis, and they were the only ones permitted to disembark in Cuba since their father already resided there and had significant relations to the local authorities. Well come for you soon enough. The Nazis trashed the rest of Josefs house, breaking furniture and smashing plates and tearing curtains. Mahmoud stared up at their building. But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. Yet at the same time, even though these different societies have all sunken into despair as a whole, the people within those societies still try to find a sense of hope in order to make a better future for themselves. Isabel laughed so hard her stomach hurt. It doesnt have to be a snowman. This is serious, Mom said. They were almost to the highway when gunfire erupted nearby tat-tatatatat! Where are you going? the soldier at the window asked. LitCharts Teacher Editions. His legs were like lead, and his eyes lost their focus. Mahmoud is 13 years old in 2015, and lives in Aleppo, Syria with his father Youssef, his mother Fatima, his 10-year-old brother Waleed, and his infant sister Hana. Nobody knew a wave of revolutions would sweep through the Middle East, toppling governments and overthrowing dictators and starting civil wars. He is of average height with brown hair and brown eyes. What do you want? I need gasoline! Isabel told him. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Waleed! Russia, Iran, and Sunni Muslims are allied to Al-Assad and they are fighting the rebels who are backed by Turkey, the Gulf Arab States, Jordan, and partially the USA. By now, May of 1939, most countries had stopped admitting Jewish refugees, or had lots of official applications you had to fill out and file and pay for before they would let you in. Six of the best book quotes from Mahmoud Bishara, Please! Mahmoud cried. A rickety-looking raft made out of wooden shipping pallets and inner tubes raised a bedsheet sail, and as it caught the wind, the villagers on the beach cheered. Answers: 1. It wasnt just his building that had been hit, he realized. I cant reach your father, Mahmouds mother said, thumbing her phone. The spell of happiness and safety was momentarily broken by the unforgettable memories of the chaos they had just escaped. Ruth woke up and screamed. My family was killed in an airstrike, one of the soldiers said. Gratz highlights parallels between Mahmouds, Isabels, and Josefs stories: all three are locked in oppressive and dangerous situations. When the refugees reach Austria, people greet them with cheers and throw them food, water, and supplies. RAMALLAH, March 20, 2018 (WAFA) - President Mahmoud Abbas' speech at a Palestinian leadership gathering in Ramallah hit the front page headlines in Palestinian dailies on Tuesday. Mahmoud Bishara's story begins in 2015, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War. Papi was going to run away again, and this time, whether he got caught with wet feet or dry In all the times hed dreamed of this day, his father had always been there to recite a blessing with him. Not so smart now, are you, pig? one of them had said. The camera lights swung around again, and thats when Isabel saw the police. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. No sirens rang. to go back for them. He shook his head as he paced their little room in his oversized nightclothes. Within a month, Assad had turned his tanks and soldiers and bombers on the protestorson his own peopleand ever since then, all Mahmoud and Waleed and anyone else in Syria had known was war. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. I want you to go to college first, his mother told him. But the good people couldnt help you, either. No one is coming to help us. Step after step, kilometer after kilometer, hed begun to think they would never, ever escape Syria. Pak! With a battle cry that would have made Wolverine proud, Mahmoud had launched himself at Khalids attackers. Fatima continues to go from tent to tent, asking about, Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15 to 16 days from home, cries over all of the events of the past two weeks, he apologizes for giving, Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days from home, food, water, and other supplies. The group walks all the way to the Austrian border, where they are welcomed. It was Waleed who spoke up. Hadnt everyone on board already applied and paid for visas? Something in the darkness outside his room moved with a grunt and a scuffle. More importantly, we have our lives. Well go without you. They left him pacing the room, muttering to himself. The villagers on the beach cheered for them, and Seor Castillo revved the engine, leaving the charging policemen in their wake. Josef felt his skin tingle. There was a small group of them, up on the rocks overlooking the inlet. She lunged for her children, but one of the Nazis grabbed her nightgown and pulled her back. Some of these soldiers wore camouflage pants and shirts, but others wore Adidas jerseys and leather jackets and track pants. They fell on him, hitting and kicking him for being a Jew, and calling him all kinds of names. She was very pretty, even in her blue police uniform. Time to pray, Waleed. Lights came on in houses nearby, and curtains ruffled as people looked out at the noise. Not that Waleed smiled much anymore. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. It was like a giant rummage sale, and it seemed like everybody in the camp was there. Khalid was a Shia Muslim in a country of mostly Sunni Muslims. Look! A young woman staggered past them, clutching her stomach and looking green. Mahmouds mother broke down in tears, and his father let the life jackets he carried drop to the ground. The vacationers dropped their voices, and even though Mahmoud couldnt understand what they were saying, he could hear the disgust in their words. Chabela, get down from there! Isabel ignored them both and turned this way and that, calling out for her father. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Josef Landau, Isabel Fernandez, and Mahmoud Bisharaare the primary protagonists of Refugee. What do you think el norte will be like, Papi? Isabel asked. Book hotel rooms. Refugee (Gratz novel) - Wikipedia Mom! Mahmoud yelled. A car honked behind Mahmoud, and he turned like everybody else. Disappear. When he sees a few United Nations representatives passing by the compound, he shouts and gets their attention. She could fix that too. It was an old blue Opel taxi, traveling so slowly Mahmoud could walk faster. . -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Mahmoud Bishara appears in. Isabels father, Geraldo Fernandez, had always been a handsome man, but he didnt look it now. Refugee Book Summary and Activities | Refugee by Alan Glatz Josef sacrifices himself when his family is refused refuge in Cuba, in order for his sister, Ruth, to be saved from the extermination camps. Where would they go? No, thought Josef. The family takes another taxi to try to reach Hungary. Youssef Mahmouds mom warned. Be free, Papi said finally. The day they had gotten Papas telegram, Josefs mother booked tickets for all four of them to the only place that would take them: an island half a world away called Cuba. Wait here, he told her. The fear hed felt when they couldnt reach his father. A roar like a hot wind rising outside. A wife! Hush, Ruthie. And do you know what the greatest failures are? he asked. Youll fall out of the boat! Isabels mother told him. Soon enough, a steward balancing a large silver tray came down the hall from the other end and knocked on a door. Josef stood and stared. Youre on CNN, a woman said in Spanish, her face nothing but a silhouette against the light. Isabel blinked. As she blew, her fingers tapped out the notes she knew by heart. Its tummy purred like an outboard motor, and it butted its head against Isabels hand in between bites. His breath left him all at once, and he fell to the floor with a heavy thud in a heap of metal and mortar. Refugee (Alan Gratz) - www.BookRags.com One group is distributing diapers. There! Down a side street just like this one, Mahmoud found Khalid getting beaten up by two older boys. Refugee Chapters 1-13 Flashcards | Quizlet They came to a compartment with a man in the uniform of the Gestapo, the Nazis Secret State Police, and Josef stumbled. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Josef couldnt speak. What do you think the States will be like? Isabels mother asked everyone. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Cuba couldnt turn them away. His only distinguishing characteristics are big ears and wire-rimmed glasses. Wearing that uniform turned boys into monsters. Isabel saw the glass window of a general store shatter, and men and women climbed inside to steal shoes and toilet paper and bath soap. perspective of Refugee. In some places, women were being stoned and killed for not covering up their entire bodies, especially in areas controlled by Daeshwhat the rest of the world called ISIS. In all the turmoil, a policeman caught up with her father and grabbed him by the arm. Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia2015 Josef: Off the American Coast1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Antwerp, Belgium1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Vornay, France1940 Isabel: Miami Beach, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany2015 Isabel: Miami, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015 Maps Authors Note Acknowledgments About the Author Sneak Peek at Projekt 1065 Sneak Peek at Grenade Also by Alan Gratz Copyright The world was a whirlwind of bricks and broken dishes and table legs and heat, and Mahmoud slammed into a cabinet. The trick was to be invisible. Josef and Ruth each carried a suitcase, and their mother carried two more one for herself, and one for Josefs father. Were you able to get the cash weve put away? Mahmouds mother nodded, but she was clearly still worried. Tourists took pictures. For the gasoline. Her grandfather was shocked. Staring back up at them was the huge face of Fidel Castro! Complete your free account to request a guide. Josef, a refugee, is somewhere across the Atlantic Ocean, 8 days from home, in 1939. Isabel thought he meant Luiss girlfriend, but instead he pushed some of the sacks of food and jugs of water out of the way and pointed to the bottom of the boat. Struggling with distance learning? In the days to come, Josef learned that his family wasnt the only one the Nazis had attacked that night. Rubble was strewn everywhere. But before Mami had reached the set, Castro said something that made them all sit up and listen. Their room was spotless, the bed linens were freshly laundered, and the hand towels were pressed and neatly stacked. But when the Soviet Union went away, so did all their support. The ships bulletin board announced that the first-class social hall would be converted to a synagogue, a Jewish house of prayer, which meant Josef might have his bar mitzvah after all. Josef looked deep into Officer Padrons eyes, searching for some sign of help, some hint of sympathy. Seor Castillo was in charge of the boat. Her father and grandfather were still arguing in the kitchen, so she slipped in the back way. What nation and city had Mahmoud and his family been waiting in line to enter? Mahmoud has lived his life trying to be invisible since the civil war started because in Syria that is how he can stay safe. I dont have time for games, he would tell me. Bullets whizzed by, then caught the car againping-ping-pingand Mahmouds dad threw open the drivers-side door and pulled Mom and Hana out with him. He howled louder than a fighter jet, and his parents didnt even tell him to hush. If he was caught again by the police, hed be sent back to prisonand this time they might not let him out. At last! That voice, thought Josef. Go, go. Josef wished they could stay on board the St. Louis forever. Mahmoud and his family had fallen into step with them and disappeared among their ranks. Here, the couples only escort was a group of rowdy teenage boys running behind the taxi, and their destination was a dirty white tent with whatever food theyd been able to buy in the camps market. Do you think the Soviet Union is going to suddenly decide to get back together and start sending us food again? Why does the author is italics for the words "their" them" and they". The kittens nose sniffed eagerly at the air, and it meowed. The air was full of dust, and it scratched and tore at his throat as it went down, but Mahmoud had never tasted anything so sweet. Were going to latch all the stalls from the inside and crawl out under the doors so no one can use the toilets! No, dont Josef tried to tell them, but they were already gone. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Fidel Castro had said that anyone who wanted to leave was welcome to go, but that was hours ago. Josefs father threw himself past the sailor and stumbled into the ramps railing before righting himself and sprinting up the gangway. Shes a baby. If the phones were out, he was probably working on trying to fix them. Mahmoud jumped when it fell, but Waleed stood still, like this kind of thing happened every day. We need more writers. He waved a hand at all the magazines and newspapers. One of the teachers walked up and down the hall ringing a handbell, and Mahmoud collected his backpack and went to find his little brother, Waleed. Down with Fidel! Papi! Isabel cried. Theres something theyre not telling us, the shipping company. point of view of Refugee. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights, They only see us when we do something they dont want us to do. Canoes with homemade outriggers. What do you think youre doing? the older policeman barked. Refugee Characters Storyboard by liane When the Jewish refugees are rejected from entering Cuba and it seems likely that the ship is going to take them back to Germany, Josef works with other passengers to try to take the ship hostage so that they can avoid this fate. Mahmouds arc examines the benefits and drawbacks of being invisible. The soldier had a hole in his head. I wish I was your favorite song, he told Amara, so I could be on your lips forever. Without the maps, theyd be lost. The blood drained from Josefs face. Cuba was a communist country, like Russia had been, and for decades the Soviets had been buying Cubas sugar for eleven times the price and sending the little island food and gasoline and medicine for free. Search 51 Witzhave carpet installers to find the best carpet contractor for your project. Papi, stop it. That shut everybody up. In 2015, Mahmoud Bishara and his family run from their bombed-out home in Aleppo, Syria toward the Turkish border, hoping to cross more than half a dozen countries to a new life in Germany. Here, Mahmoud emphasizes that being invisible serves as a form of protection for him: the less he is noticed, the less likely it is for him to be attacked. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. And the worst part was, Klaus had joined them. I love researching and learning new things. But, I No, Lito protested. The motor coughed to life, and the boat lurched into a wave, spraying Isabel with seawater. Back when they were Germans. But right then, Khalid had been curled into a ball on the ground, his hands around his head while the older boys kicked him. We will buy tickets as we go. On the count of three, we make a break for it, he told his family. He was filled with sadness for the boy his age. Mahmoud is 12 years old and lives with his father Youssef, mother Fatima, 10-year-old brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana in Aleppo, Syria. Josef later dies in the camps, along with his mother. Underneath this painting were the words, FIGHT AGAINST THE IMPOSSIBLE AND WIN. Mahmoud was just starting a new equation when he heard a sound over the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles theme song. His eyes looked like they were going to pop out of their sockets. Missiles and bombs thudded nearby, close enough to shake loose parts of walls. The trick was to be invisible. He hesitated while everyone stared at him, his eyes searching Castros face on the bottom of the boat as though there were answers hidden there. This isnt funny. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account.